Izvestiya of Saratov University.

Physics

ISSN 1817-3020 (Print)
ISSN 2542-193X (Online)


For citation:

Chabbarov R. G., Ostrovsky N. V., Skripal A. V., Sanbaev A. K., Usanov A. D., Mayskov D. I. Application of Thermal Imaging Diagnostics in Assessment of Inflammatory Response after Sclerotherapy in Patients with Lower Limb Varicose Disease. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Physics , 2019, vol. 19, iss. 4, pp. 304-311. DOI: 10.18500/1817-3020-2019-19-4-304-311

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).
Published online: 
02.12.2019
Full text:
(downloads: 349)
Language: 
Russian
UDC: 
532.233+617-7

Application of Thermal Imaging Diagnostics in Assessment of Inflammatory Response after Sclerotherapy in Patients with Lower Limb Varicose Disease

Autors: 
Ostrovsky Nikolay Vladimirovich, Saratov State University
Skripal Anatoly Vladimirovich, Saratov State University
Usanov Andrey Dmitryevich, Saratov State University
Mayskov Dmitriy Igorevich, Saratov State University
Abstract: 

Background and Objectives: Sclerotherapy of the lower extremities veins refers to one of the promising methods of treating patients with varicose veins. However, at present, there are no effective methods for assessing the condition of sclerotic veins during sclerotherapy. Known instrumental methods for diagnosing varicose veins cannot be used for such an assessment, since the absence of blood flow and the presence of intravascular inclusions in a sclerotic vein more closely resembles the picture of thrombophlebitis and does not allow us to judge the degree of success of the surgery. Since an important sign of postinjection thrombophlebitis is a local increase in temperature, it is of interest to study the possibility of using thermal imaging diagnostics to assess the condition of a sclerosed vein. Materials and Methods: To obtain temperature data, the ThermaCamSC 3000 camera from FlirSystems company was used, with a sensitivity of 0.02°C and a resolution of the IR matrix of 320×240 pixels. The thermogram analysis was performed using ThemaCamResearcher software and Mathcad software. The dimensions of the hyperthermia area were estimated by the ratio of the number of pixels, the value of which exceeded the average between the maximum and minimum temperature in the analyzed area to the total number of pixels in the analysis area. Results: Using thermal imaging diagnostics, it was found that for the patients who did not suffer an inflammatory reaction after sclerotherapy, the temperature difference with the surrounding tissues was 1.4 ± 0.7°C, and the size of the hyperthermia area decreased by 63 ± 3%. For the patients who were diagnosed with post-injection thrombophlebitis, the temperature difference with the surrounding tissues was 2.4 ± 0.8°C, and the size of the hyperthermia area decreased only by 25 ± 6%. Conclusion: Thermal imaging diagnostics after sclerotherapy can serve as a diagnostic method for assessing the need for conservative treatment of the area of chemical destruction of varicose vein endothelium

Reference: 
  1. Wright D., Gobin J. P., Bradbury A., ColeridgeSmith P., Spoelstra H., Berridge D., Wittens C. H. A., Sommer A., Nelzen O., Chanter D. Varisolve polidocanol microfoam compared with surgery or sclerotherapy in the management of varicose veins in the presence of trunk vein incompetence: European randomised controlled trial. Phlebology, 2006, vol. 21, iss. 4, pp. 180–190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1258/026835506779115807
  2. Bauersachs R. Diagnosis and treatment of superfi cial vein thrombosis. Hamostaseologie, 2013, vol. 33, iss. 3, pp. 232–240. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5482/HAMO-13-04-0027
  3. Jia X., Mowatt G., Burr J. M., Cassar K., Cooke J., Fraser C. Systematic review of foam sclerotherapy for varicose veins. British Journal of Surgery, 2007, vol. 94, iss. 8, pp. 925–936. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.5891
  4. Rasmussen L. H., Lawaetz M., Bjoern L., Vennits B., Blemings A., Eklof B. Randomised clinical trial comparing endovenous laser ablation, radiofrequency ablation, foam sclerotherapy and surgical stripping for great saphenous varicose vein. British Journal of Surgery, 2011, vol. 98, iss. 8, pp. 1079–1087. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bjs.7555
  5. Lopez L., Dilley R. B., Henriquez J. A. Cutaneous hyperpigmentation following venous sclerotherapy treated with deferoxamine mesylate. Dermatologic Surgery, 2001, vol. 27, iss. 9, pp. 795–798.
  6. Potapov M. P., Aleksandrov Yu. K. Ultrasound diagnostics venous hemodynamics of great saphenous vein in patients with varicose disease. Health and Education Millennium, 2017, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 43–48.
  7. Noppeney T., Noppeney J., Scheidt A., Kurth I. Indications and technique for sclerotherapy of varicose veins. Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie, 2001, vol. 126, iss. 7, pp. 546–550. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2001-16275
  8. Blumenberg R. M., Barton E., Gelfand M. L., Skudder P., Brennan J. Occult deep venous thrombosis complicating superfi cial thrombophlebitis. Journal of Vascular Surgery, 1998, vol. 27, iss. 2, pp. 338–343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0741-5214(98)70364-7
  9. Guex J. J., Allaert F. A., Gillet J. L. Immediate and midterm complications of sclerotherapy: report of a prospective multicenter registry of 12,173 sclerotherapy sessions. Dermatologic Surgery, 2005, vol. 31, iss. 2, pp. 123–128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2005.31030
  10. Kulikova A. N., Gafurova D. R. Evolution of surgical and endonasal methods for correction of main-stem venous refl ux in patients with primary varicosis of the lower extremities. Klinicheskaya Meditsina, 2013, no. 7, pp. 13–18.
  11. Nasr H., Scriven J. Superfi cial thrombophlebitis (superfi - cial venous thrombosis). British Medical Journal, 2015, 350:h2039. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h2039
  12. Petuchov V. I. Complications and failures of sclerosis treatment in lower extremities veins diseases. Vestnik Rossijskoj Voenno-medicinskoj Akademii [Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy], 2007, vol. 1, no. 17, pp. 45–48.
  13. Scultetus A. H., Villavicencio J. L., Kao T. C., Gillespie D. L., Ketron G. D., Iafrati M. D., Pikoulis E., Eifert S. Microthrombectomy reduces postsclerotherapy pigmentation: Биофизика и медицинская физика 311 multicenter randomized trial. Journal of Vascular Surgery, 2003, vol. 38, iss. 5, pp. 896–903. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0741-5214(03)00920-0
  14. Bihari I. Injection sclerotherapy for varicosities of the lower limb: 25 years of experience with 115000 injections. Orvosi Hetilap, 2007, vol. 148, iss. 2, pp. 51–58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/OH.2007.27846
  15. Cavezzi A., Parsi K. Complications of foam sclerotherapy. Phlebology, 2012, vol. 27, iss. 1, pp. 46–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1258/phleb.2012.012s09
  16. Kyrienko A. I. Matushenko A. A., Andriyashkin V. V. Ostriy trombofl ebit [Acute thrombophlebitis]. Мoscow, Litterra Publ., 2006. 108 p. (in Russian).
  17. Gafurova D. R., Kulikova A. N., Chabbarov R. G., Pyatnitsky A. G. Sclerosurgical and surgical treatment of patients with lower extremity varicose vein disease: analysis of results in a long-term period of observation. Saratov Journal of Medical Scientifi c Research, 2017, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 839–845.
  18. Yarovenko G. V. Thermography as an examination method in patients with venous pathology of the lower extremities. Russian Medical Journal, 2018, no. 6(II), pp. 50–53.
  19. Rozenfeld L. G., Bogdan T. V., Timofeev V. I., Vegner E. F., Dunaevsky V. I., Kotovsky V. I., Nazarchuk S. S. Early detection of lower extremity blood vessels diseases with infrared distance thermography. Ukrainian Medical Journal, 2011, no. 2, pp. 28–30 (in Russian).
  20. Zenovko G. I. Termografi a v hirurgii [Thermography in surgery]. Moscow, Meditsina Publ., 1998. 168 p.
  21. Mekshina L. A., Usynin V. A., Stolyarov V. V., Usynin A. F. Thermal imaging in the diagnosis of obliterating diseases of lower limb arteries. The Siberian Medical Journal, 2012, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 15–22.
  22. Usanov D. A., Skripal A. V., Potakhin S. N., Sagaidachnyi A. A., Fomin A. V., Samsonova A. A. Thermography-based analysis of lower limb vascular response to thermal challenge in patients with diabetes mellitus. Regional Blood Circulation and Microcirculation, 2016, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 42–49. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24884/1682-6655-2016-15-1-42-49
  23. Bukina O. V., Zolotukhin I. A., Trubina M. B., Pankova E. V. Does a thromus develop in a vein after sclerotherapy. "Flebologiya". Journal of Venous Disorders, 2010, vol. 4, iss. 1, pp. 28–33