Izvestiya of Saratov University.
ISSN 1817-3020 (Print)
ISSN 2542-193X (Online)


aging

Modeling battery systems – problems of nonlinearity, efficiency, aging, coupling, and network setup

We discuss several problems of batteries and fuel cells from the point of view of nonlinear dynamics and review some earlier work on modeling this class of systems as well as new developments. We consider batteries and fuel cells as active nonlinear electrochemical circuits with properties depending on many factors as load, age, load history etc. We show that most satisfactory battery regimes are reached by coupling of an odd number of circuits in opposite phases.