Известия Саратовского университета.

Новая серия. Серия Физика

ISSN 1817-3020 (Print)
ISSN 2542-193X (Online)

Для цитирования:

Янина И. Ю. Внешние воздействия для управления оптическими свойствами биотканей: от фундаментальных механизмов к клиническим приложениям // Известия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия: Физика. 2026. Т. 26, вып. 3. С. 305-325. DOI: 10.18500/1817-3020-2026-26-3-305-325, EDN: NJBWNC

Статья опубликована на условиях лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0).
Опубликована онлайн: 
30.09.2026
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Язык публикации: 
русский
Рубрика: 
Биофизика и медицинская физика
Тип статьи: 
Обзорная статья
УДК: 
535.3,577
DOI: 
10.18500/1817-3020-2026-26-3-305-325
EDN: 
NJBWNC

Внешние воздействия для управления оптическими свойствами биотканей: от фундаментальных механизмов к клиническим приложениям

Авторы: 
Янина Ирина Юрьевна, Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный университет имени Н. Г. Чернышевского
Аннотация: 

Настоящий обзор систематизирует современные методы и технологии исследования биофизических механизмов, определяющих изменения оптических свойств биологических тканей под влиянием внешних воздействий. Основное внимание уделено неинвазивным оптическим технологиям, таким как спектроскопия диффузного отражения, флуоресцентная и рамановская спектроскопия, оптическая когерентная томография, которые служат основой для развития концепции «оптической биопсии». В работе подробно рассмотрено, как внешние воздействия (в частности нагрев), фотодинамическая терапия, введение иммерсионных агентов и наночастиц модулируют ключевые оптические параметры (коэффициенты поглощения, рассеяния и анизотропии) здоровых и патологически изменённых (злокачественные новообразования, диабет) тканей. Анализ показывает, что целенаправленное изменение этих свойств открывает пути для создания новых методов диагностики, интраоперационной навигации, тераностики и контролируемой терапии. Особый акцент сделан на важности комплексного количественного подхода, объединяющего экспериментальные измерения, математическое моделирование и анализ данных для перевода оптических технологий в клиническую практику.

Ключевые слова: 
коэффициент поглощения
коэффициент рассеяния
показатель преломления
оптические методы
фотодинамическая терапия
наночастицы
патология
Благодарности: 
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда (проект № 25-22-00144, https://rscf.ru/project/25-22-00144/).
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Поступила в редакцию: 
11.02.2026
Принята к публикации: 
29.05.2026
Опубликована: 
30.09.2026
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